Mutumin da ya karya bankin gidan caca

Wane ne shi

Charles Deville Wells (1841–1922) injiniya ne kuma ɗan damfara mai maimaitawa wanda ya karɓi kuɗi daga masu zuba jari don ƙirƙirar abubuwan da ba su wanzu ba. A Yuli 1891 ya iso Monte Carlo da £4,000 na irin wannan kuɗi. A cikin kwana biyar ya karya banki, wato ya ƙare kuɗin ajiyar teburi, sau da dama, kuma ya tafi da kusan £40,000 a cewarsa, miliyoyin fam da dama a yau.

Roulette na Monte Carlo

Abin da ya yi a zahiri

Ya ce yana da tsarin da ba ya kasawa kuma bai taɓa faɗin menene ba. Shaidu ba su ga wani tsari bayyananne a wasansa ba, kuma babu wani amintaccen bayani da ya ambaci hanya; MartingaledabaraMartingaleJerin ƙarin caca da ke ninka caca bayan kowace asara. Ku duba sashen “Dabarun caca na roulette” don ganin abin da yake yi da wanda ba ya yi.Karanta gaba ɗaya → da ake yawan haɗawa da sunansa hasashe ne kawai. Ba shi da wani muhimmanci: kowane tsari a kan teburin cacakayan aikiTeburin caca (layout)Ragar caca da aka buga a kan tebur. Ana kuma kiransa: table, felt, cloth.Karanta gaba ɗaya → yana da ƙimar da ake tsammanilissafiƘimar da ake tsammaniMatsakaicin sakamako a kowace caca a cikin dogon lokaci. −1/37 na kuɗin caca a kowace cacar Turai ta yau da kullum.Karanta gaba ɗaya → ɗaya, don haka duk abin da ya yi, sakamakon dogon jerin sa'a ne. YiwuwarlissafiYiwuwaDamar faruwar wani sakamako, daga 0 zuwa 1 ko daga 0% zuwa 100%. Lamba ɗaya: 1/37 = 2.70%.Karanta gaba ɗaya → jerin sa'a mai tsawo kamar nasa ƙarama ce ga kowane ɗan wasa ɗaya, amma babba ce ga dubban mutanen da ke shiga gidan caca a lokacin wasa ɗaya. Dole wani ya zama Wells. Wells ne ya zama.

Waƙar

Waƙar Fred Gilbert “The Man Who Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo” (1892), wadda Charles Coborn ya rera, ta yi tashe sosai a gidajen wasan kwaikwayo na London kuma ta tsallaka zuwa Amurka. Mai ba da labarinta yana taƙama a kan titi cikin ʼyanci, kuma kalmar “broke the bank” (ya karya banki) ta zama ma'anar nasara mai ban mamaki tun daga lokacin. Waƙar ba ta ambaci ziyara ta biyu ba.

Ziyara ta biyu da abin da ya biyo baya

Wells ya dawo a wannan kaka ya sake yin nasara, sannan ya rasa wani ɓangare na kuɗin a ziyara a lokacin sanyin 1891–92. Ya kashe kuɗi da yawa kan jirgin ruwa na alfarma, Palais Royale, da kuɗin masu zuba jari; bai taɓa isa Monte Carlo ba. A ƙarshen 1892 ʼyan sandan Faransa sun kama shi a Le Havre, kuma a Maris 1893 wata kotu a London ta yanke masa shekaru takwas na aikin wahala a gidan yari saboda damfara. An sake shi a 1899, ya sake samun ƙarin shekaru uku a 1906 saboda wata damfarar, kuma kusan 1911 ya gudanar da bankin bogi a Paris wanda ya yi alƙawarin 1% a rana, abin da ya kai shi gidan yarin Faransa. Ya rasu a London a 1922. Gidan cacar, wanda ya biya £40,000 a 1891 kuma ya samu fiye da haka a talla, ya amfana sosai daga gare shi.

Me ya sa labarin yake da muhimmanci

Shi ne misali mafi bayyana na tsarin da ya “yi aiki” sannan ya daina. Tsarin bai yi komai ba a lokutan biyu; sa'a ta zo ta tafi, kamar yadda shafukan bambancin sakamakolissafiBambancin sakamakoMa'aunin yadda sakamako ke yaɗuwa a kewayen ƙimar da ake tsammani. Yana da girma ga straight up, ƙanƙanta ga cace-cacen ɗaya zuwa ɗaya.Karanta gaba ɗaya → suka ce dole ta yi. Gidan caca ya yi asara a mako ɗaya kuma ya sami labarin almara. Kowane tsari da aka sayar tun daga lokacin yana da Wells a cikin shaidunsa, kuma kowannensu yana da ziyara ta biyu da shaidar ba ta ambata ba.

Tambayoyi